This is one of the common approaches to nasopharynx. Since jna involves the nasopharynx, a complete understanding of nasopharyngeal anatomy is a must for the safe management of the problem. Maxillary sinus carcinomas, which were very large at the time of presentation and impinged on the nasopharynx, showed extensive destruction of the pterygoid plates. Consists of a tube that divides into small branching tubes in the lungs. While the nasopharynx may be simply conceptualized as.
The nasopharynx is that part of the nasal passage that lies above the free border of the soft palate. The word throat is used for the parts of the neck anterior to the vertebral. To best interpret the anatomy of the pharynx, the pharynx is often divided into exterior and interior sections. Choose from 314 different sets of nasopharynx flashcards on quizlet. Assessment of retropharyngeal and cervical lymphadenopathy is important for treatment planning. Nasopharynx anatomy, medical imaging and elearning for. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. The nasopharynx is also the only section of the pharynx to have pseudostratified columnar respiratory epithelium 6, the specialized epithelium ciliated and containing goblet cells for the respiratory tract 7. The word nasopharynx is a hybrid part latin, part greek.
The nasopharynx is superior to the other two subdivisions of the pharynx, the oropharynx and hypopharynx. Several new clinical photographs, diagrams, tables and flowcharts have been added to make the subject clear. The anatomy of the proximal portion of the respiratory tract of cattle differs from that of horses. The nasopharynx is located at the crossroads between the skull base superiorly, the nasal cavity anteriorly, and the oropharynx inferiorly. Superiorlybase of skull including posterior part of body of sphenoid and the basilar part of the occipital bone. Understanding surgical anatomy will lead to delectated surgical dissection. Eustachean tube passes through base of skull between foramen ovale and lacerum to reach nasopharynx. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Adenoid cystic carcinomas showed late but disproportionate involvement of the sphenoid sinus. The nasopharynx is continuous with the nasal cavity through the arched openings called choanae. Clivus consists of part of the sphenoid bone behind the sinus, the tail end of the sella turcica and part of the occipital bone and forms the posterior border of the nasopharynx. The oropharynx is innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve. The nasal septum does not completely separate the left and right aspects of the nasopharynx. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about nasopharynx ppt.
The anatomy of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx and innervations of the muscles are shown in. The pinna and external auditory canal form the outer ear, which is separated from the middle ear by the tympanic membrane. The auditory tubes allow middle ear pressure to equalize with atmospheric pressure. Nasopharynx behind the nasal cavity extends from skull base superiorly to the soft palate inferiorly communicates inferiorly with the oropharynx through the velopharyngeal sphincter the nasopharyngeal tonsil lies in the roof the pharyngeal. Nasopharynx definition of nasopharynx by merriamwebster. It comes from the latin nasus for the nose or snout. Hard and soft palates the inferior border sits about c2. Nasopharynx article about nasopharynx by the free dictionary.
Normal endoscopic anatomy of the pharynx and larynx american. Disease processes can spread to and from the nasopharynx through welldefined anatomic pathways. Compared with horses, donkeys have a much deeper pharyngeal recess extending 4. Learn nasopharynx with free interactive flashcards. In humans, two sets of pharyngeal muscles form the pharynx and determine the shape of its lumen. They are arranged as an inner layer of longitudinal muscles and an outer circular layer.
The nasopharynx is an aircontaining cavity that occupies the uppermost extent of the aerodigestive tract. In surface anatomy, the rima glottidis is approximately on the level of the. The nasopharynx is a cuboidal cavity formed by muscle and fascia with an epithelial mucosal covering. Gilsdorf, md, and his group 1 at the university of michigan, ann arbor, recently showed that, among the various highmolecularweight molecules hmw produced by 170 nthi from three different geographically diverse countries, one variant in particular hmwa was more likely to be found in strains producing aom than strains simply colonizing the nasopharynx. It is divided by the glossopalatine arch from the laryngeal pharynx histology. In contrast to the oropharynx, the area of the throat that lies behind the mouth. Use the mouse scroll wheel to move the images up and down alternatively use the tiny arrows on both side of the image to move the images. The nasopharynx is a roughly cuboidal open chamber located below the base of the skull and behind the nasal cavity. Posteriorlyprevertebral fascia separating it from cervical spined. Function of pharynx nasopharynx 1conduit for humidified air to pass from nasal cavity to lower respiratory tract. The anterior wall extends from the base of the skull to the upper surface of the soft palate.
The nasopharynx forms the superiormost part of the pharynx, in continuity with the inferior oropharynx, and the posterior continuation of the anterior nasal cavity. Nasopharynx definition of nasopharynx by the free dictionary. The nasopharynx is primarily lined by two types of epithelia, with the stratified squamous epithelium comprising around 60% of its inner walls 5. The middle ear houses three ossicles, the malleus, incus and stapes and is connected to the back of the nose by the eustachian tube. The upper floor, the nasopharynx, is primarily a passageway for air and secretions from the nose to the oral pharynx. Pdf on dec 31, 2007, susan j holcombe and others published disorders of the nasopharynx and soft palate find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Links to pubmed are also available for selected references. Extension of nasopharyngeal tumors, especially into the skull base and the deep facial spaces, is well illustrated on imaging. The last molar borders rostrally and the epiglottis caudally. For descriptive purposes, the pharynx is typically divided into three anatomic parts. View and download powerpoint presentations on nasopharynx ppt. Using histological techniques, anatomical dissection, fibre optic endoscopy and radiography, the nasopharynx and larynx of the donkey were examined and described.
Nasopharynx behind the nasal cavity extends from skull base superiorly to the soft palate inferiorly communicates inferiorly with the oropharynx through the velopharyngeal sphincter the nasopharyngeal tonsil lies in the roof the pharyngeal opening of et lies in the lateral wall 3. The external surface is typically described from posterior and lateral views and includes external surface muscles that compose the wall of the pharynx, associated nerves, and blood supply. Computed tomography of the nasopharynx and related spaces. The anatomy of the upper respiratory tract is of relevance to all. The nasal part of the pharynx pars nasalis pharyngis. Nasopharynx definition, the part of the pharynx behind and above the soft palate, directly continuous with the nasal passages. The nasopharynx is, by definition, the upper part of the throat behind the nose. On its lateral wall is the pharyngeal ostium of the auditory tube.
Dhingra diseases of ear, nose and throat pdf 7th edition. This mri brain cross sectional anatomy tool is absolutely free to use. However, the microscopic anatomy of the nasopharyngeal mucosa has received. Full text full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Interior of the pharynx pharynx is divided into 3 parts nasopharynx. It sits just behind the soft palate in the mouth and connects the nasal passages with the larger pharynx, which is the throat system as a whole. In cattle, the nasal septum tapers caudodorsally, allowing both ethmoturbinates to. The human pharynx is conventionally divided into three sections. Chordomas extended into the retropharyngeal soft tissues via the petrooccipital fissure. Medical professionals usually use the word pharynx to describe the throat, and the name nasopharynx is a hybrid term. It is a part of the pharynx, which comprises three separate segments. The nasopharynx is bordered anteriorly by the nasal choanae and nasal cavities. Inferiorlypharynx continues with oesophagus at the level of 6th cervical vertebra lower border of cricoid cartilage. The roof of the soft palate forms the inferior border of the nasopharynx and creates the junction between the nasopharynx and the oropharynx.
The tongue borders ventrally and the soft palate dorsally. Nasopharynx definition is the upper part of the pharynx continuous with the nasal passages. The pos terior aspect of the tongue forms the anterior border of the oropharynx and the middle as well as part of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor mus cles form. The auditory tubes, also known as the pharyngotympanic or eustachian tubes, connect the middle ear to the pharynx and open into the lateral walls of the nasopharynx. It exposes the nasopharynx and surrounding areas from the anterolateral aspect. Anatomy of the nose and pharynx anaesthesia and intensive care. The present edition of dhingra diseases of ear, nose and throat pdf 7th edition is revised, updated and expanded. Pdf anatomy and physiology of feeding and swallowing. A t2weighted fast spinecho sequence in axial plane is used for the additional assessment of early parapharyngeal tumor spread, paranasal sinus invasion, middle. The focus of this chapter will be on nasopharyngeal carcinoma, with a brief overview of a few other lesions. The protocol for routine mri of a nasopharyngeal mass includes unenhanced t1weighted images to detect skull base involvement and fat planes in at least an axial and sagittal plane. The area of the upper throat that lies behind the nose.
An anatomical and endoscopic study of the nasopharynx and. Mri is commonly used for monitoring patients after therapy. This area has been considered as an antomical blind spot a virtual no mans land because of its relative inaccessibility. It is also connected to the tympanic cavity of the middle ear through the auditory tubes that open on both lateral walls. The pharynx and larynx are readily visualized in am. Pdf disorders of the nasopharynx and soft palate researchgate. The nasopharynx is basically the uppermost part of the human throat. Anatomy of the upper airway and its growth in childhood remedy. Normal endoscopic anatomy of the pharynx and larynx. Missing site or subsites will comprimse the function leading to aspiration, dysphagia, speech impairment. The structures of the pharynx active in swallowing include the pharyngeal or muscular palate, the pharyngeal portion of the tongue, the oropharynx, and the.
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